Enzyme
This enzyme is a member of the aromatic amino acid lyase family, other members of which are EC 4.3.1.3 (histidine ammonia-lyase) and EC 4.3.1.23 (tyrosine ammonia-lyase) and EC 4.3.1.25 (phenylalanine/tyrosine ammonia-lyase). The enzyme contains the cofactor 3,5-dihydro-5-methylidene-4H-imidazol-4-one (MIO), which is common to this family [3]. This unique cofactor is formed autocatalytically by cyclization and dehydration of the three amino-acid residues alanine, serine and glycine [9]. The enzyme from some species is highly specific for phenylalanine [7,8].
PAL
Enzyme
Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase
Enzyme name
EC:4.3.1.24
Entry
Lyases;Carbon-nitrogen lyases;Ammonia-lyases
Class
L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (trans-cinnamate-forming)
Sysname
L-phenylalanine = trans-cinnamate + NH3[RN:R00697]
Reaction
trans-cinnamate [CPD:C00423];NH3 [CPD:C00014]
Product
Species information
Aristolochia fimbriata
Species name
Aristolochia fimbriata is a species of flowering plant in the family Aristolochiaceae (birthwort family).
Species info
Gene sequence info
Aristolochia_fimbriata.PAL.fa
Download
>Af01G211500.1
MALGDLVTRPTNPSAPHWKKAAAAVEGTHLDDVRHMVSQFRDSTRVRLEGTALTVAHVAAVSRRPDVAVELDEKAARPRVSRSAAWVPDKIARGADIYGITTGFGSTCHRRTHKTAELQTELIRFHNAGVLGRDPLPRGYAKAAMLVRTNSLLRGYSGIRFEILDAMAKLMNENLIPKLPLRGTVTASGDLLPLSYIAGLLIGRHNSRVVTGDGEEITSSEALKRAGIPCPFELRAKEGLALVNGTAVAAAVAATVCYDANVLAVLAEVLSAMFCEVMHGKPEFADPLTHELKHHPGQIEAGAVMKFLLDESDYVKEAKVRHERDPLTKPKQDKYALRTSPQWLGPQIEVIRAATRVVEREINSVSDNPLIDVDRDVAIHGGNFQGTPVGVSMDNLRLAVAAVGKLMFAQMSELVCEHFNNGLPSNLSGGTDPSLDFGLKGAEIAMAAYCSELLHLANPVTTHVQSAEQHTQDVNSLGLISARKSAEAVEILKLMSATYMVALCQAVDLRHLEEHMTRSIKDIVVRASRKTLAEGYFCEEELARVIDHLDVFSYLDDPTSPSYSLMIKLRDVLVQKALEGEDGYAVFEGIPAFEEEVKRRLEEEVPAARERFYGGDFVVGNRIEKCRTYPVYGFVRKEVGTELLRGGKKESPGEYIEKVYEAIGEDRLGEVVVECLASCRALAELN
>Af01G290500.1
MMRRRSDEIFSQRTIARGEQASRSELAGGRRAKLAGGREVAEGREVAGGREVAGGWHVAGGREVTGCREVAGGREVARGREVAGQAEMRNEKILIFRLYGRGSGGLRSVNGRPVMVFRLAKWWAPRRATWRAVGAAGQGAAGRAGDTGARGGEHALGGQAMREGHGHLQRELVRFLNAGIVSGDENELSTVVFLAAVLVRTNTLLLGYSGIQYEVLDAMRHLLDSDLAPSLPLRGTITASGDLVPLSYVVGVLTGCPNSLRDAAARRMMVPTEGRRRLGGRNRGPLGAAQGRMAIA
>Af01G211600.1
MAAFVVADECSVSRSSRHWKKAAAAVEGTHLDEVRAMVSQFRDSLSVPIQGTTLTVAQVAAVSRRHDVVVELDAAAARTRVSRSAAWVADNVARGVDVYGVTTGFGSTSQRRTNKTSDLQTELVRFLNTGVVGRETQTSLPRGHAKAAMLVRTNTLMQGYSGIRFEILEALEKLMNGSLIPKLPLRGTITASGDLVPLSYIAGVLTGRHNSRVVTEDGEEIGSLEALNRAGIPGPFELQAKEGLALVNGTAVGSAVAATVCYDANVLALLAEVLSAMFCEVMHGKPEFVDPLTHELKHHPGQIEAAAVMEFLLGESDHVREAKARHERDPLTKPKQDRYALRTSPQWLGPQIEVIRAATHAIEREINSVNDNPLIDVDRNMAVHGGNFQGTPIGVSMDNLRLAVAAIGKLMFAQFSELVCDHYNNGLPSNLSGGPDPSLDYGLKGAEIAMAAYCSELQYLANPVTTHVQSAEQHNQDVNSLGLISARKSAEAVEILNLMSATYMVGLCQAADLRHVEENMRESVKRVVVQTSRKTLYSYSDGSLLETRFCEKELSAVVDRSPVFSYLDDPNSLLQQLREVLVQRSLKGEKKDTAEGYAVFKRIPVFEEELKMRLEAEVPRARESEFQIPNRIEKCRTYPIYRFVREEVGTELLSGGKKVSPGEHIEKVYEAIGEDRLGDVLVKCLSSCTAAPGGN
>Af04G217500.1
MRRLLDSGLAPSLPLQGTITASGGPTPSSARDGMVLTGTEALRAVGIRPRLTCSPRKGWRSVKQGPPCCPALKGDRVLQHERARNGVGDHVRHVLRGGAATGGDGNQGLVHHVLLEGSHPIGQVLFLSHGPHVELVDHVELHRGELGQVPLPRPAQMLLQLDLELGAGAGVEESDAHGGPAAGEPREGSSRGSCTKLTGQNGEVASSSESLNRWAA
>Af06G120700.1
MSAGGENGDPLNWRKAAEAISGSHLDDVKRMWDRVRHADFVTLRGEVLDVADVVAVAREPRVGVRLDERATRARVEASAAWVAVQRGKCTDTYGVTTGFGATSHRRTDRGAELQRELVRFLNSGIVAGDGNELPTEVSRAAVLVRTNTLLLGYSGIRYEVLDAMRRLLDAGLAPSLPLRGTITASGDLVPLSYVAGVLTGRPNSRVRARDGTVLTGTEALRAVGIEAPFELQPKEGLAIVNGTSVGAALAAIVCYDANVLAVVSEITSAMFCEVMLGKPEFVDPLTHSLKHHPGQMEAAAVMEYVLAGSAALKHAACRHEHNHLQKPKQDRYALRTSPQWLGPQIEVIRAATQMIQREINSVNDNPVIDVARDKAVHGGNFQGTPVGVAMDNLRLAVAAIGKLMFAQFSELVNDYYNGGLPSNLSGGRNPCLDYGLKGAEIAMASYTSELQYLANPVTSHVQSAEQHNQDVNSLGLISARKSAEAVAVLKMMTATYLVALCQAVDLRHLEENLRYAVCHAVAQVAKKTLSTGPNGEPLPGRFAVKDLLLVVENEPVYAYVDDPSRPEYPLMQKLRQVLVDHSLRTSSDGGICTPESGVFGRIPSFEAELKEQVEAEVRIAREAFEEGTPTVPNRAVQCRSYPVYRFVRKELGTRLLSGDRNVSPGEHIEAVHSAVCDGRIVGPLMECLEGWNRRPGPF
>Af07G051700.1
MTFSSSAAEWGNASEKEIRAPFLYARHPDQALRGPLPAPLATTKTAESLLSRRFPLAHRFRQETKDTEKQIIRAPKSSVLGSSQNLCGVVSDLRCDLGSTTAVLIYSVHPRRWNGLPDPGGIRGIFLSITEATGEEAQSFAVEVQPKVVDSTKAGSDSSSRPIKVEGEEQTLSNGGLHQEEETALDGEFIKVEKEPTAEGDKGEPATSMVRSSSGSLVGQDLLEAQEKVKTLGLELQRIAEELQNSETERARLKDDVDVTKEKLDKSEKQCVELELSQKKLQQSIEEIEQNNTSQLTALQEALGAQEYKHKELMDMKVAFDGLSADLESSRKKMQELEEELQAWAGATVEGAPIELATRSPQRRVRPRWPRSEGRARTRTTSPPGRKRAADGGLLGDGAGLHQHPPPRLLWHPVRGPGRHEAPHGPGPRALTPLRGTITASGDLVPLSYVAGVLIGRPNSRVRARDGTVLTGMEALRADIVNGTSMGAALAAIVCYDANVLAVASEITSAMFCEVMLGIRRLGVREVAKQNAKEMEDQMASLQEELKGLHEKIDENQKVEEALQTTTMKLSEVQAELELSMSHVLDLEQKIAAGESVTSELTHELNLHKASELRLREDIEALENLFSTAKEEFHLKVSSLEDIELKLHEETKKRKSIEENLNNQDSVLKELCDDLETKLKLSDENFSEADTLLSLALSQNAELEERLKSLEEAQKESGTVLATATGRNLELEDIVRASAAAEEEAKSQFREIEVRLLSEEQKTLKLQQKLNFSELKNNDADREVNELNEKVAELMAALKGAEEESTQVKTQLKDYEAKIVEFESNLAESSLKNSQLEQELKGLAEKCAEHEDRDHTSHQRSLELEDLIQLSNTKVEDSGKKVSELEMLLQTTNYRIQELEDQVKVSETKYDNIVAELRNNSEKLSEVGAELEAFQAKVSSLEIALKASQEKGQELIETVNVLEEEKRKYEDAAKSANEKLSESQTLLQVLQNELKETNDKLVGIEKDLEASGVRETEVTEKLKSAEEQLEQHVKVIEEVTARKSELELLHESLAKDSELKLQDATVTIAQRDSEANDLYEKLKSLEDQVVKAAEREDDQLIIEREASLKSQLDESAGKLGSLEATANELKSRVGELEEKAGQSLAESEVLDETNRVQKQELRVPSEPVLRRESQLSEAIEKFRQRDDEATDLSEKLHEVETQLKTYEEQVGEAAVSNETLKAEPEVALSNLKNLERTVEELESKYVQIERENEGLAETNLKHTQDLATYENKRTVPSPKLIKKLKKNIKMLYIIQMEVQLKEQKSHEEALIADMESVKAGLSEKFLLQTRIAELEEQLILAKTKFSEEVESIKMAATEREAEISSQVEEQARKLEERDHLAEQLRQLQQDFNLSQATITEQKEALSIKESEREAAVKHSLSEVEAKHEQIMLLKKQLEELEQKLQLTEAKFTEN
MALGDLVTRPTNPSAPHWKKAAAAVEGTHLDDVRHMVSQFRDSTRVRLEGTALTVAHVAAVSRRPDVAVELDEKAARPRVSRSAAWVPDKIARGADIYGITTGFGSTCHRRTHKTAELQTELIRFHNAGVLGRDPLPRGYAKAAMLVRTNSLLRGYSGIRFEILDAMAKLMNENLIPKLPLRGTVTASGDLLPLSYIAGLLIGRHNSRVVTGDGEEITSSEALKRAGIPCPFELRAKEGLALVNGTAVAAAVAATVCYDANVLAVLAEVLSAMFCEVMHGKPEFADPLTHELKHHPGQIEAGAVMKFLLDESDYVKEAKVRHERDPLTKPKQDKYALRTSPQWLGPQIEVIRAATRVVEREINSVSDNPLIDVDRDVAIHGGNFQGTPVGVSMDNLRLAVAAVGKLMFAQMSELVCEHFNNGLPSNLSGGTDPSLDFGLKGAEIAMAAYCSELLHLANPVTTHVQSAEQHTQDVNSLGLISARKSAEAVEILKLMSATYMVALCQAVDLRHLEEHMTRSIKDIVVRASRKTLAEGYFCEEELARVIDHLDVFSYLDDPTSPSYSLMIKLRDVLVQKALEGEDGYAVFEGIPAFEEEVKRRLEEEVPAARERFYGGDFVVGNRIEKCRTYPVYGFVRKEVGTELLRGGKKESPGEYIEKVYEAIGEDRLGEVVVECLASCRALAELN
>Af01G290500.1
MMRRRSDEIFSQRTIARGEQASRSELAGGRRAKLAGGREVAEGREVAGGREVAGGWHVAGGREVTGCREVAGGREVARGREVAGQAEMRNEKILIFRLYGRGSGGLRSVNGRPVMVFRLAKWWAPRRATWRAVGAAGQGAAGRAGDTGARGGEHALGGQAMREGHGHLQRELVRFLNAGIVSGDENELSTVVFLAAVLVRTNTLLLGYSGIQYEVLDAMRHLLDSDLAPSLPLRGTITASGDLVPLSYVVGVLTGCPNSLRDAAARRMMVPTEGRRRLGGRNRGPLGAAQGRMAIA
>Af01G211600.1
MAAFVVADECSVSRSSRHWKKAAAAVEGTHLDEVRAMVSQFRDSLSVPIQGTTLTVAQVAAVSRRHDVVVELDAAAARTRVSRSAAWVADNVARGVDVYGVTTGFGSTSQRRTNKTSDLQTELVRFLNTGVVGRETQTSLPRGHAKAAMLVRTNTLMQGYSGIRFEILEALEKLMNGSLIPKLPLRGTITASGDLVPLSYIAGVLTGRHNSRVVTEDGEEIGSLEALNRAGIPGPFELQAKEGLALVNGTAVGSAVAATVCYDANVLALLAEVLSAMFCEVMHGKPEFVDPLTHELKHHPGQIEAAAVMEFLLGESDHVREAKARHERDPLTKPKQDRYALRTSPQWLGPQIEVIRAATHAIEREINSVNDNPLIDVDRNMAVHGGNFQGTPIGVSMDNLRLAVAAIGKLMFAQFSELVCDHYNNGLPSNLSGGPDPSLDYGLKGAEIAMAAYCSELQYLANPVTTHVQSAEQHNQDVNSLGLISARKSAEAVEILNLMSATYMVGLCQAADLRHVEENMRESVKRVVVQTSRKTLYSYSDGSLLETRFCEKELSAVVDRSPVFSYLDDPNSLLQQLREVLVQRSLKGEKKDTAEGYAVFKRIPVFEEELKMRLEAEVPRARESEFQIPNRIEKCRTYPIYRFVREEVGTELLSGGKKVSPGEHIEKVYEAIGEDRLGDVLVKCLSSCTAAPGGN
>Af04G217500.1
MRRLLDSGLAPSLPLQGTITASGGPTPSSARDGMVLTGTEALRAVGIRPRLTCSPRKGWRSVKQGPPCCPALKGDRVLQHERARNGVGDHVRHVLRGGAATGGDGNQGLVHHVLLEGSHPIGQVLFLSHGPHVELVDHVELHRGELGQVPLPRPAQMLLQLDLELGAGAGVEESDAHGGPAAGEPREGSSRGSCTKLTGQNGEVASSSESLNRWAA
>Af06G120700.1
MSAGGENGDPLNWRKAAEAISGSHLDDVKRMWDRVRHADFVTLRGEVLDVADVVAVAREPRVGVRLDERATRARVEASAAWVAVQRGKCTDTYGVTTGFGATSHRRTDRGAELQRELVRFLNSGIVAGDGNELPTEVSRAAVLVRTNTLLLGYSGIRYEVLDAMRRLLDAGLAPSLPLRGTITASGDLVPLSYVAGVLTGRPNSRVRARDGTVLTGTEALRAVGIEAPFELQPKEGLAIVNGTSVGAALAAIVCYDANVLAVVSEITSAMFCEVMLGKPEFVDPLTHSLKHHPGQMEAAAVMEYVLAGSAALKHAACRHEHNHLQKPKQDRYALRTSPQWLGPQIEVIRAATQMIQREINSVNDNPVIDVARDKAVHGGNFQGTPVGVAMDNLRLAVAAIGKLMFAQFSELVNDYYNGGLPSNLSGGRNPCLDYGLKGAEIAMASYTSELQYLANPVTSHVQSAEQHNQDVNSLGLISARKSAEAVAVLKMMTATYLVALCQAVDLRHLEENLRYAVCHAVAQVAKKTLSTGPNGEPLPGRFAVKDLLLVVENEPVYAYVDDPSRPEYPLMQKLRQVLVDHSLRTSSDGGICTPESGVFGRIPSFEAELKEQVEAEVRIAREAFEEGTPTVPNRAVQCRSYPVYRFVRKELGTRLLSGDRNVSPGEHIEAVHSAVCDGRIVGPLMECLEGWNRRPGPF
>Af07G051700.1
MTFSSSAAEWGNASEKEIRAPFLYARHPDQALRGPLPAPLATTKTAESLLSRRFPLAHRFRQETKDTEKQIIRAPKSSVLGSSQNLCGVVSDLRCDLGSTTAVLIYSVHPRRWNGLPDPGGIRGIFLSITEATGEEAQSFAVEVQPKVVDSTKAGSDSSSRPIKVEGEEQTLSNGGLHQEEETALDGEFIKVEKEPTAEGDKGEPATSMVRSSSGSLVGQDLLEAQEKVKTLGLELQRIAEELQNSETERARLKDDVDVTKEKLDKSEKQCVELELSQKKLQQSIEEIEQNNTSQLTALQEALGAQEYKHKELMDMKVAFDGLSADLESSRKKMQELEEELQAWAGATVEGAPIELATRSPQRRVRPRWPRSEGRARTRTTSPPGRKRAADGGLLGDGAGLHQHPPPRLLWHPVRGPGRHEAPHGPGPRALTPLRGTITASGDLVPLSYVAGVLIGRPNSRVRARDGTVLTGMEALRADIVNGTSMGAALAAIVCYDANVLAVASEITSAMFCEVMLGIRRLGVREVAKQNAKEMEDQMASLQEELKGLHEKIDENQKVEEALQTTTMKLSEVQAELELSMSHVLDLEQKIAAGESVTSELTHELNLHKASELRLREDIEALENLFSTAKEEFHLKVSSLEDIELKLHEETKKRKSIEENLNNQDSVLKELCDDLETKLKLSDENFSEADTLLSLALSQNAELEERLKSLEEAQKESGTVLATATGRNLELEDIVRASAAAEEEAKSQFREIEVRLLSEEQKTLKLQQKLNFSELKNNDADREVNELNEKVAELMAALKGAEEESTQVKTQLKDYEAKIVEFESNLAESSLKNSQLEQELKGLAEKCAEHEDRDHTSHQRSLELEDLIQLSNTKVEDSGKKVSELEMLLQTTNYRIQELEDQVKVSETKYDNIVAELRNNSEKLSEVGAELEAFQAKVSSLEIALKASQEKGQELIETVNVLEEEKRKYEDAAKSANEKLSESQTLLQVLQNELKETNDKLVGIEKDLEASGVRETEVTEKLKSAEEQLEQHVKVIEEVTARKSELELLHESLAKDSELKLQDATVTIAQRDSEANDLYEKLKSLEDQVVKAAEREDDQLIIEREASLKSQLDESAGKLGSLEATANELKSRVGELEEKAGQSLAESEVLDETNRVQKQELRVPSEPVLRRESQLSEAIEKFRQRDDEATDLSEKLHEVETQLKTYEEQVGEAAVSNETLKAEPEVALSNLKNLERTVEELESKYVQIERENEGLAETNLKHTQDLATYENKRTVPSPKLIKKLKKNIKMLYIIQMEVQLKEQKSHEEALIADMESVKAGLSEKFLLQTRIAELEEQLILAKTKFSEEVESIKMAATEREAEISSQVEEQARKLEERDHLAEQLRQLQQDFNLSQATITEQKEALSIKESEREAAVKHSLSEVEAKHEQIMLLKKQLEELEQKLQLTEAKFTEN
Gene tree
Gene tree
Sheng jun & Dong yang Teams, Yunnan agriculture University