Enzyme
This enzyme is a member of the aromatic amino acid lyase family, other members of which are EC 4.3.1.3 (histidine ammonia-lyase) and EC 4.3.1.23 (tyrosine ammonia-lyase) and EC 4.3.1.25 (phenylalanine/tyrosine ammonia-lyase). The enzyme contains the cofactor 3,5-dihydro-5-methylidene-4H-imidazol-4-one (MIO), which is common to this family [3]. This unique cofactor is formed autocatalytically by cyclization and dehydration of the three amino-acid residues alanine, serine and glycine [9]. The enzyme from some species is highly specific for phenylalanine [7,8].
PAL
Enzyme
Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase
Enzyme name
EC:4.3.1.24
Entry
Lyases;Carbon-nitrogen lyases;Ammonia-lyases
Class
L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (trans-cinnamate-forming)
Sysname
L-phenylalanine = trans-cinnamate + NH3[RN:R00697]
Reaction
trans-cinnamate [CPD:C00423];NH3 [CPD:C00014]
Product
Species information
Trifolium pratense
Species name
Peavine clover (Trifolium pratense) is a species of eudicot in the family Fabaceae (pea family).
Species info
Gene sequence info
Trifolium_pratense.PAL.fa
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>Tp57577_TGAC_v2_mRNA16580.v2
MEAVASAITKNNINDYDSFCLTHANANNMKVNGADPLNWGVAAEAMKGSHLDEVKRMVEEYRKPVVRLGGETLTISQVAAIAAHDGATVELSESARAGVKASSDWVMESMNKGTDSYGVTTGFGATSHRRTKQGGALQKELIRFLNAGIFGNGTESSHTLPHTATRAAMLVRINTLLQGYSGIRFEILEAITKLLNNNVTPCLPLRGTITASGDLVPLSYIAGLLTGRPNSKAHGPTGEVLNAKQAFQLAGINTEFFELQPKEGLALVNGTAVGSGLASIVLFEANILAVLSEVLSAIFAEVMQGKPEFTDHLTHKLKHHPGQIEAAAIMEHILDGNAKKLHEMDPLQKPKQDRYALRTSPQWLGPLIEVIRFSTKSIEREINSVNDNPLIDVSRNMALHGGNFQGTPIGVSMDNTRLALASIGKLLFAQFSELVNDFYNNGLPSNLSASRNPSLDYGFKGSEIAMASYCSELQYLANPVTTHVQSAEQHNQDVNSLGLISSRKTYEAIEILQLMSSTFLIALCQAIDLRHLEENLKNSVKNTVSQVAKKTLTIGVNGELHPSRFCEKDLLKVVDREHVFSYIDDPCSATYPLSQKLRQVLVEHALVNGESEKNLNTSIFQKIATFEEELKTLLPKEVESARTAYESGNSTIPNKINGCRSYPLYNFVRKELGTGLLTGENVISPGEECDKLFTAMCQGKIIDPLLECLGEWNGAPLPIC
>Tp57577_TGAC_v2_mRNA16606.v2
LNWGVAAEAMKGSHLDEVKRMVEEYRKPVVRLGGETLTISQVAAIAAHDGATVELSESARAGVKASSDWVMESMNKGTDSYGVTTGFGATSHRRTKQGGALQKELIRFLNAGIFGNGTESNHILPHTATRAAMLVRINTLLQGYSGIRFEILEAITKLLNNNITPCLPLRGTITASGDLVPLSYIAGLLTGRPNSKAHGPSGEILNAKEAFQLAGINADFFELQPKEGLALVNGTAVGSGLASIVLFEANILAVLSEVLSAIFAEVMQGKPEFTDHLTHKLKHHPGQIEAAAIMEHILDGSAYVKAAKKLHEIDPLQKPKQDRYALRTSPQWLGPLIEVIRFSTKSIEREINSVNDNPLIDVSRNKALHGGNFQGTPIGVSMDNTRLALASIGKLMFAQFSELVNDFYNNGLPSNLSASRNPSLDYGFKGSEIAMASYCSELQYLANPVTTHVQSAEQHNQDVNSLGLISSRKTKEAIEILQLMSSTFLIALCQAIDLRHLEENLKNSVKNTVSQVAKKTLTVGVNGELHPSRFCEKDLLKVVDREHVFSYIDDPCSATYPLSQKLRQVLVEHALVNGESEKNSNTSIFQKIATFEEELKTLLPKEVESARTAYESGNSTIANKINGCRSYPLYNFVRKELGTSLLTGERVISPGEECDKLFTAMCQGKIIDPLLECLGEWNGAPLPIC
>Tp57577_TGAC_v2_mRNA16613.v2
MEVVAAAITKNNGKLDSFCLNHANANNMKVNGADPLNWGVAAEAMKGSHLDEVKRMVEEYRKPVVRLGGETLTISQVAAIAAHDGATVELSESARAGVKASSDWVMESMNKGTDSYGVTTGFGATSHRRTKQGGALQKELIRFLNAGIFGNATESNHILPHTATRAAMLVRINTLLQGYSGIRFEILEAITKLLNNNVTPCLPLRGTITASGDLVPLSYIAGLLTGRPNSKAHGPSGEVLNAKEAFQSAGIDAEFFELQPKEGLALVNGTAVGSGLASIVLFEANILAVLSEVLSAIFAEVMQGKPEFTDHLTHKLKHHPGQIEAAAIMEHILDGSAYVKDAKKLHEMDPLQKPKQDRYALRTSPQWLGPLIEVIRFSTKSIEREINSVNDNPLIDVSRNKAXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXIFKEHLSEYPWIIHVWLLHQLVNLCLLNSLSLSMIFTTTDCLQISPLVEIQAWITGSRDPKLPWLPIVLSCNILQIRLQLMSKVLSNTTKM
>Tp57577_TGAC_v2_mRNA9684.v2
MEAAKTMTKYNDGYSFCLTINANKINNNMKVSGADPLNWGVAAEAMKGSHLDEVKRMVEEYRKPTVRLGGETLTISQVAAIAARDGATVELLESARAGVKASSDWVMDNMDNAIDLCGLNTVFGAASHCGIKQGDALQKELIRFSNSGIFGDGTESCNTLPQTATRAAMLVRINTLLQGYSGIRFEILEAITKLLNNNVTPCLPLRGTITCSGDLVPLSYIAGLLIGRPNSKAHGPSGEVLNAKEAFQLAGINAEFFDLQPKEGLALVNGTVVGSGLASIVLFEANILVVLSEVLSAIFAEVMQGKPEFTDHLTHKLKHHPGQIEAAAIMEHILDGSAYVKEAKKLHEMGPLQKPKQDRYALRTSPQWLGPLIEVIRFSTKSIEREINSVNDNPLIDVSRNEVLSGGNFQGTPIGVSMDNTRLALASIGKLMFAQFSELVNDFYNNGLPSNLSASRNPSLDYGLKGAEIAMASYCSELQYLANPVTSHVQSAGQHTQDVNSLGLISARKTNEAIEILKLMSSTFLIALCQAIDLRHLEENLKNSVKSTICQVAKKTLNIGINGELHPSRFCEKDLLKVVDREHVFAYIDDPCSATYPLMQKLRQVLVDHALGNGESEKNLNTSIFQKIATFEDELKILLPKEVESARAKYETGNPTIPNKINECRSYPLYKFVREELGTGLLTGEKAISPGEECDKLFKAMCQGKIIDPLLKCLGEWNGVPLPIC
>Tp57577_TGAC_v2_mRNA37110.v2
MATINPQNDNKSVSSNLIIDSDPLNWDSAANSLKGSHFDEVKRMVAEYKKPVICLGGVETLTISQVAAVANSSTRVKVELSESSRAGVEASCEWIVENIEKGTAIYGVTTGFGAASHRRTEQGFALQKEMVRFLNCAIFGRETELSHTLPQSATRAAMLVRVNTLLQGYSGIRFEILEAITKLLNRNVTPSLPLRGTVTASGDLIPLSYIAALLTGRRNSRAVGPSKESLNAEEAFHLAGLNSGFFELKPKEGLALVNGTAVGSGVASTVLFEANVLALLSVVLSAVFTEVMHGKAEFTHHLIHKLKFHPGQIEAAAIMEHILDGSSYIKNAKLQQPDPLQKPRKDRYALITSPQWLGPQIEVIRFSTKSIEREINSVNDNPLIDVTRDKALNGGNFQGTPIGVSMDNVRLAIASIGKLVFAQFTELVNDLYNNGLPSNLSAGRNPSLDYGFKASEVAMAAYCSELQYLANPVTSHVQSAEQHNQDVNSLGLISALKTAEAIEILKLMSSTYLVALCQAIDLRHLEEIFKNTVKNTVSRVAKKTLVLEEKEETNPFRFCEENLLKVVDREYVFSYIDDPFNIVYPLMPKLKQVLYEHAHISAVNNKNASLSIFEKIGAFEEELKSLLPKEVESARVAFEKGNPEIPNRIKECRSYPLYKFVREKLNIGLLTGEKDVTPDEEFEKVFTAICQAKIIDPILECLGDWNRVPLPI
>Tp57577_TGAC_v2_mRNA11869.v2
MLRRDEDPLKWEEAAESLKGSHFEEVKRIXXXXXXXXXXXXXXEVVRMGGEKLRVGEVAAVAGRMAAVELNEGARVRVKESSEWVMESVHKGTDCYGVTTGFGSTSHRRTTQGHALQTELISRGSKSIYLILIMQIVIFVCDRFLNAGIFGNGTEPCHTLPHNATRAAMLVRINTLLQGYSGIRYEILEAIAKLVNHNITPCLPLRGSISASGDLICLINCIRTLYWIGLCLIY
MEAVASAITKNNINDYDSFCLTHANANNMKVNGADPLNWGVAAEAMKGSHLDEVKRMVEEYRKPVVRLGGETLTISQVAAIAAHDGATVELSESARAGVKASSDWVMESMNKGTDSYGVTTGFGATSHRRTKQGGALQKELIRFLNAGIFGNGTESSHTLPHTATRAAMLVRINTLLQGYSGIRFEILEAITKLLNNNVTPCLPLRGTITASGDLVPLSYIAGLLTGRPNSKAHGPTGEVLNAKQAFQLAGINTEFFELQPKEGLALVNGTAVGSGLASIVLFEANILAVLSEVLSAIFAEVMQGKPEFTDHLTHKLKHHPGQIEAAAIMEHILDGNAKKLHEMDPLQKPKQDRYALRTSPQWLGPLIEVIRFSTKSIEREINSVNDNPLIDVSRNMALHGGNFQGTPIGVSMDNTRLALASIGKLLFAQFSELVNDFYNNGLPSNLSASRNPSLDYGFKGSEIAMASYCSELQYLANPVTTHVQSAEQHNQDVNSLGLISSRKTYEAIEILQLMSSTFLIALCQAIDLRHLEENLKNSVKNTVSQVAKKTLTIGVNGELHPSRFCEKDLLKVVDREHVFSYIDDPCSATYPLSQKLRQVLVEHALVNGESEKNLNTSIFQKIATFEEELKTLLPKEVESARTAYESGNSTIPNKINGCRSYPLYNFVRKELGTGLLTGENVISPGEECDKLFTAMCQGKIIDPLLECLGEWNGAPLPIC
>Tp57577_TGAC_v2_mRNA16606.v2
LNWGVAAEAMKGSHLDEVKRMVEEYRKPVVRLGGETLTISQVAAIAAHDGATVELSESARAGVKASSDWVMESMNKGTDSYGVTTGFGATSHRRTKQGGALQKELIRFLNAGIFGNGTESNHILPHTATRAAMLVRINTLLQGYSGIRFEILEAITKLLNNNITPCLPLRGTITASGDLVPLSYIAGLLTGRPNSKAHGPSGEILNAKEAFQLAGINADFFELQPKEGLALVNGTAVGSGLASIVLFEANILAVLSEVLSAIFAEVMQGKPEFTDHLTHKLKHHPGQIEAAAIMEHILDGSAYVKAAKKLHEIDPLQKPKQDRYALRTSPQWLGPLIEVIRFSTKSIEREINSVNDNPLIDVSRNKALHGGNFQGTPIGVSMDNTRLALASIGKLMFAQFSELVNDFYNNGLPSNLSASRNPSLDYGFKGSEIAMASYCSELQYLANPVTTHVQSAEQHNQDVNSLGLISSRKTKEAIEILQLMSSTFLIALCQAIDLRHLEENLKNSVKNTVSQVAKKTLTVGVNGELHPSRFCEKDLLKVVDREHVFSYIDDPCSATYPLSQKLRQVLVEHALVNGESEKNSNTSIFQKIATFEEELKTLLPKEVESARTAYESGNSTIANKINGCRSYPLYNFVRKELGTSLLTGERVISPGEECDKLFTAMCQGKIIDPLLECLGEWNGAPLPIC
>Tp57577_TGAC_v2_mRNA16613.v2
MEVVAAAITKNNGKLDSFCLNHANANNMKVNGADPLNWGVAAEAMKGSHLDEVKRMVEEYRKPVVRLGGETLTISQVAAIAAHDGATVELSESARAGVKASSDWVMESMNKGTDSYGVTTGFGATSHRRTKQGGALQKELIRFLNAGIFGNATESNHILPHTATRAAMLVRINTLLQGYSGIRFEILEAITKLLNNNVTPCLPLRGTITASGDLVPLSYIAGLLTGRPNSKAHGPSGEVLNAKEAFQSAGIDAEFFELQPKEGLALVNGTAVGSGLASIVLFEANILAVLSEVLSAIFAEVMQGKPEFTDHLTHKLKHHPGQIEAAAIMEHILDGSAYVKDAKKLHEMDPLQKPKQDRYALRTSPQWLGPLIEVIRFSTKSIEREINSVNDNPLIDVSRNKAXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXIFKEHLSEYPWIIHVWLLHQLVNLCLLNSLSLSMIFTTTDCLQISPLVEIQAWITGSRDPKLPWLPIVLSCNILQIRLQLMSKVLSNTTKM
>Tp57577_TGAC_v2_mRNA9684.v2
MEAAKTMTKYNDGYSFCLTINANKINNNMKVSGADPLNWGVAAEAMKGSHLDEVKRMVEEYRKPTVRLGGETLTISQVAAIAARDGATVELLESARAGVKASSDWVMDNMDNAIDLCGLNTVFGAASHCGIKQGDALQKELIRFSNSGIFGDGTESCNTLPQTATRAAMLVRINTLLQGYSGIRFEILEAITKLLNNNVTPCLPLRGTITCSGDLVPLSYIAGLLIGRPNSKAHGPSGEVLNAKEAFQLAGINAEFFDLQPKEGLALVNGTVVGSGLASIVLFEANILVVLSEVLSAIFAEVMQGKPEFTDHLTHKLKHHPGQIEAAAIMEHILDGSAYVKEAKKLHEMGPLQKPKQDRYALRTSPQWLGPLIEVIRFSTKSIEREINSVNDNPLIDVSRNEVLSGGNFQGTPIGVSMDNTRLALASIGKLMFAQFSELVNDFYNNGLPSNLSASRNPSLDYGLKGAEIAMASYCSELQYLANPVTSHVQSAGQHTQDVNSLGLISARKTNEAIEILKLMSSTFLIALCQAIDLRHLEENLKNSVKSTICQVAKKTLNIGINGELHPSRFCEKDLLKVVDREHVFAYIDDPCSATYPLMQKLRQVLVDHALGNGESEKNLNTSIFQKIATFEDELKILLPKEVESARAKYETGNPTIPNKINECRSYPLYKFVREELGTGLLTGEKAISPGEECDKLFKAMCQGKIIDPLLKCLGEWNGVPLPIC
>Tp57577_TGAC_v2_mRNA37110.v2
MATINPQNDNKSVSSNLIIDSDPLNWDSAANSLKGSHFDEVKRMVAEYKKPVICLGGVETLTISQVAAVANSSTRVKVELSESSRAGVEASCEWIVENIEKGTAIYGVTTGFGAASHRRTEQGFALQKEMVRFLNCAIFGRETELSHTLPQSATRAAMLVRVNTLLQGYSGIRFEILEAITKLLNRNVTPSLPLRGTVTASGDLIPLSYIAALLTGRRNSRAVGPSKESLNAEEAFHLAGLNSGFFELKPKEGLALVNGTAVGSGVASTVLFEANVLALLSVVLSAVFTEVMHGKAEFTHHLIHKLKFHPGQIEAAAIMEHILDGSSYIKNAKLQQPDPLQKPRKDRYALITSPQWLGPQIEVIRFSTKSIEREINSVNDNPLIDVTRDKALNGGNFQGTPIGVSMDNVRLAIASIGKLVFAQFTELVNDLYNNGLPSNLSAGRNPSLDYGFKASEVAMAAYCSELQYLANPVTSHVQSAEQHNQDVNSLGLISALKTAEAIEILKLMSSTYLVALCQAIDLRHLEEIFKNTVKNTVSRVAKKTLVLEEKEETNPFRFCEENLLKVVDREYVFSYIDDPFNIVYPLMPKLKQVLYEHAHISAVNNKNASLSIFEKIGAFEEELKSLLPKEVESARVAFEKGNPEIPNRIKECRSYPLYKFVREKLNIGLLTGEKDVTPDEEFEKVFTAICQAKIIDPILECLGDWNRVPLPI
>Tp57577_TGAC_v2_mRNA11869.v2
MLRRDEDPLKWEEAAESLKGSHFEEVKRIXXXXXXXXXXXXXXEVVRMGGEKLRVGEVAAVAGRMAAVELNEGARVRVKESSEWVMESVHKGTDCYGVTTGFGSTSHRRTTQGHALQTELISRGSKSIYLILIMQIVIFVCDRFLNAGIFGNGTEPCHTLPHNATRAAMLVRINTLLQGYSGIRYEILEAIAKLVNHNITPCLPLRGSISASGDLICLINCIRTLYWIGLCLIY
Gene tree
Gene tree
Sheng jun & Dong yang Teams, Yunnan agriculture University