Enzyme

The enzyme requires iron(II) and ascorbate. It is involved in the pathway by which many flowering plants make anthocyanin flower pigments (glycosylated anthocyandins). The enzyme hydroxylates the C-3 carbon, followed by a trans diaxial elimination, forming a C-2,C-3 enol. The product loses a second water molecule to form anthocyanidins. When assayed in vitro, non-enzymic epimerization of the product can lead to formation of dihydroflavanols. Thus when the substrate is leucocyanidin, a mixture of (+)-taxifolin and (+)-epitaxifolin are formed. The enzyme can also oxidize the formed (+)-taxifolin to quercetin (cf. EC 1.14.20.6, flavonol synthase) [2,3].

ANS

Enzyme

Anthocyanidin synthase

Enzyme name

EC:1.14.20.4

Entry

Oxidoreductases;Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen;With 2-oxoglutarate as one donor, and the other dehydrogenated

Class

(2R,3S,4S)-leucoanthocyanidin,2-oxoglutarate:oxygen oxidoreductase

Sysname

a (2R,3S,4S)-leucoanthocyanidin + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = an anthocyanidin + succinate + CO2 + 2 H2O (overall reaction) [RN:R11993];(1a) a (2R,3S,4S)-leucoanthocyanidin + 2-oxoglutarate + O2 = a (4S)- 2,3-dehydroflavan-3,4-diol + succinate + CO2 + H2O [RN:R11991];(1b) a (4S)- 2,3-dehydroflavan-3,4-diol = an anthocyanidin + H2O [RN:R11992]

Reaction

anthocyanidin [CPD:C21381];succinate [CPD:C00042];CO2 [CPD:C00011];H2O [CPD:C00001];(4S)- 2,3-dehydroflavan-3,4-diol [CPD:C21832]

Product

Species information

Rhizophora apiculata

Species name

Rhizophora apiculata is a species of eudicot in the family Rhizophoraceae (red mangrove family).

Species info

Gene sequence info

Rhizophora_apiculata.ANS.fa

Download
>evm.model.scaffold_327.102
MTMVTSVAASSRVEMLASSGIQAIPEEYVRPQEELKSIGNIFEEEKKDEGPQVPTIDLMEIDSEDQGVREKCREELIKAAREWGVMHLVNHGIADDLIYRVKKAGEAFFNLPVEEKEKYANDQASGKIQGYGSKLANNASGQLEWEDYFFHLIFPEDKTDLSVWPKTPSDYVDVTSEYGRQLRGLTTKILGVLSLGLGLEEGRLEKEVGGLEELLLQMKINYYPKCPQPELALGVEAHTDVSSLTFILHNMVPGLQAFYDDKWITAKCVPNSIIMHIGDTIEILSNGKYKSILHRGLVNKEKVRISWAVFCEPPKEKIILKPLPEVVSEAEPPLFPPRTFAQHIQHKLFRKTQDAALSN
>evm.model.scaffold_1721.47
MVTSVAAEAPRVEMLASSGIKAIPKEYVRPQEELNSIGNVFEEEKKEEGPQVPTIDLKEIDSADNGVREKCREELIKAAKEWGVMHLVNHGISDDLTACVKKAGETFFNLPVEEKEKYANDQASGKIQGYGSKLANNASGQLEWEDYFFHLIFPEDKRDLSIWPKTPSDYIEATSEYAKQLRGLATKIMGVLSLGLGLEEGRLEKEVGGLEELLLQMKINYYPKCPQPELALGVEAHTDVSSLTFILHNMVPGLQLFYEGKWVTAKCVPNSIIMHVGDTIEILSNGKYKSILHRGLVNKEKVRISWAVFCEPPKEKIILKPLPEVLSEAEPPLFPPRTFAQHIQHKLFRKTQDIAPAK

Sheng jun & Dong yang Teams, Yunnan agriculture University