Enzyme
This enzyme is a member of the aromatic amino acid lyase family, other members of which are EC 4.3.1.3 (histidine ammonia-lyase) and EC 4.3.1.23 (tyrosine ammonia-lyase) and EC 4.3.1.25 (phenylalanine/tyrosine ammonia-lyase). The enzyme contains the cofactor 3,5-dihydro-5-methylidene-4H-imidazol-4-one (MIO), which is common to this family [3]. This unique cofactor is formed autocatalytically by cyclization and dehydration of the three amino-acid residues alanine, serine and glycine [9]. The enzyme from some species is highly specific for phenylalanine [7,8].
PAL
Enzyme
Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase
Enzyme name
EC:4.3.1.24
Entry
Lyases;Carbon-nitrogen lyases;Ammonia-lyases
Class
L-phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (trans-cinnamate-forming)
Sysname
L-phenylalanine = trans-cinnamate + NH3[RN:R00697]
Reaction
trans-cinnamate [CPD:C00423];NH3 [CPD:C00014]
Product
Species information
Mikania micrantha
Species name
Bittervine (Mikania micrantha) is a species of eudicot in the family Asteraceae (daisy family).
Species info
Gene sequence info
Mikania_micrantha.PAL.fa
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>rna-gnl|WGS:SZYD|E3N88_mrna23999
MPHASTISNVAMLPSTSSLTPTSPVVLPLRGTITASGELIPLSYIAGLLTGRPNSKAVGPNGEILNAENAFTVSGVDGGFFELQTKEGLALVNGTTVGSGMASMVLYEANVLALLSEVLSAVFAEVMQGKPEFTDHLKHEPKHHPAKSRLPLWNTS
>rna-gnl|WGS:SZYD|E3N88_mrna24016
MPHASTISNVAMLPSTSSLTPTSPVVLPLRGTITASGELIPLSYIAGLLTGRPNSKAVGPNGEILNAKNAFTVAGVDGGFFELQTKEGLALVNGTTVGSGMASMVLYEANVLALLSEVLSAVFAEVMQDAGRGWTSTDRLFSRRHFIKKRMRVLFFGADVNQHLPTSSNLFQPIPPFSALRPNSSTALLAVAALLHHHRHRRSPPCLRPPSSTYSVSSTAVRSRVPSFVIPPQATTD
>rna-gnl|WGS:SZYD|E3N88_mrna13284
MLVRVNTLLQGYPGIRFEILEAVTKFLNPDITPFLPLRGTITASGDLVPLSYIAGFLTGRPNAIAFGPNREIINAEKAFAMAGVNGGFFELQPKEGLALVNGTTVGSGMASMVLFEANVLVLLSEVLSAVFAEHHPGQIEAAAIMEYILDGSDYVKAAEKVHEMDPLQKPKQDRHALRTSPQWLGPQIEVIRSSTKMIEREINSVNDNPLIDVSRNKALHGGNFQGTPIGVSMDNSRLAIAAIGKLMFAQFSELVNDFYNNGLPSNLTGGRNPSLDYGFKGAEIAMASYCSELQFLANPVTNHVQSAEQHNQDVNSLGLISSRKTAEAVDILKLMSSTYLVALCQAIDLRHLEENLKATVKNTVNHVAKKVHHLERTQDGVVDGGEWYITWRGV
>rna-gnl|WGS:SZYD|E3N88_mrna16217
MKGSHLDEVKRMVVEFRKPVVKVGGETLTVAQVAAVAVGEVKVEMSEGARAGVKASSDWIMESMNKGTDSYSVSTGFGANSNRRTTKGGALQKELIRFLNAGIFGNGTESNHTLPHSTTRAAMLVRINTLLQGYSGIRFEILEAITKFLNNNITPCVPLRGTITASGDLIPLSYIAGLLIGRPNSKAIGPAGEILNAETAFARAGLEGGFFDLQPKEGVALVNGTTVGSGMASTVLFEVNVLALLSEVLSAIFAEVMQGKPEFTDHLTHKLKHHPGQIEAAAIMEYILDGSDYVKAAQKVHEMDPLQKPKQDRYALRTSPQWLGPQIEVIRFATKMIEREINSVNDNPLIDVSRNKTLNGGNFQGTPIGVSMDNTRLAIAAIGKLMFAQFSELVNDFYNNGLPSNLSGGRNPSLDYGFKGAEIAMASYCSELQFLANPVTNHVQSTEQHNQDVNSLGFISARKTAEAVEILKLMSSTYLVALCQSIDLRHLEENMKSTVKNTVSQVAKKVLTSALDRSTLCENDLLRVVDREYVFAYIDDPCLATYPLMQKLRQVLVDHALNTERNTDTSIFEKIVTFEDELKSILPKEVEGVRVAFENGSMVIPNRIKACRSYPLYRFVREELGGVYLTGEKETSPGEEFDKVFMAVCTGQIVDPLLECLEGWNGVPLPIC
>rna-gnl|WGS:SZYD|E3N88_mrna46221
MIEREINSVNDNPLIDVSRNKALHGGNFQGTPIGVSMDNTRLSIAAIGKLMFAQFSELVNDFYNNGLPSNLTGGRNPSLDYGFKGAEIAMASYCSELQFLANPVTNHVQTGDSEREPGTSIFQKIGEFEAELKAHLPKEVEVVRAAFETVQSTRLIDHHDVKHDPNEILTCARKVKNRHSLGFLDWFLPLEGLERSISNGPP
>rna-gnl|WGS:SZYD|E3N88_mrna46220
MVAEFRNPVVKLGGETLTVSQVAAIAADGSSIKVELSESAREGVKASSDWVMESMNKGTDSYGVTTGFVATSHRRPKKVVLFKEELIRFLNAGIFGNGTESSHTLPCSSTRAAMLVRINTLLQGYSGIRFEILEAITKFLNHNVTPVLPLRGTITASGDLVPLSYIAGLLTGRPNSKAVGPDGQILNAKKAFSEAGLTGGFFELQPKEGLAMVNGTAVGSGMASMVLFEANVLALLSEVLSAIFAEAMQGKPSSRTI
MPHASTISNVAMLPSTSSLTPTSPVVLPLRGTITASGELIPLSYIAGLLTGRPNSKAVGPNGEILNAENAFTVSGVDGGFFELQTKEGLALVNGTTVGSGMASMVLYEANVLALLSEVLSAVFAEVMQGKPEFTDHLKHEPKHHPAKSRLPLWNTS
>rna-gnl|WGS:SZYD|E3N88_mrna24016
MPHASTISNVAMLPSTSSLTPTSPVVLPLRGTITASGELIPLSYIAGLLTGRPNSKAVGPNGEILNAKNAFTVAGVDGGFFELQTKEGLALVNGTTVGSGMASMVLYEANVLALLSEVLSAVFAEVMQDAGRGWTSTDRLFSRRHFIKKRMRVLFFGADVNQHLPTSSNLFQPIPPFSALRPNSSTALLAVAALLHHHRHRRSPPCLRPPSSTYSVSSTAVRSRVPSFVIPPQATTD
>rna-gnl|WGS:SZYD|E3N88_mrna13284
MLVRVNTLLQGYPGIRFEILEAVTKFLNPDITPFLPLRGTITASGDLVPLSYIAGFLTGRPNAIAFGPNREIINAEKAFAMAGVNGGFFELQPKEGLALVNGTTVGSGMASMVLFEANVLVLLSEVLSAVFAEHHPGQIEAAAIMEYILDGSDYVKAAEKVHEMDPLQKPKQDRHALRTSPQWLGPQIEVIRSSTKMIEREINSVNDNPLIDVSRNKALHGGNFQGTPIGVSMDNSRLAIAAIGKLMFAQFSELVNDFYNNGLPSNLTGGRNPSLDYGFKGAEIAMASYCSELQFLANPVTNHVQSAEQHNQDVNSLGLISSRKTAEAVDILKLMSSTYLVALCQAIDLRHLEENLKATVKNTVNHVAKKVHHLERTQDGVVDGGEWYITWRGV
>rna-gnl|WGS:SZYD|E3N88_mrna16217
MKGSHLDEVKRMVVEFRKPVVKVGGETLTVAQVAAVAVGEVKVEMSEGARAGVKASSDWIMESMNKGTDSYSVSTGFGANSNRRTTKGGALQKELIRFLNAGIFGNGTESNHTLPHSTTRAAMLVRINTLLQGYSGIRFEILEAITKFLNNNITPCVPLRGTITASGDLIPLSYIAGLLIGRPNSKAIGPAGEILNAETAFARAGLEGGFFDLQPKEGVALVNGTTVGSGMASTVLFEVNVLALLSEVLSAIFAEVMQGKPEFTDHLTHKLKHHPGQIEAAAIMEYILDGSDYVKAAQKVHEMDPLQKPKQDRYALRTSPQWLGPQIEVIRFATKMIEREINSVNDNPLIDVSRNKTLNGGNFQGTPIGVSMDNTRLAIAAIGKLMFAQFSELVNDFYNNGLPSNLSGGRNPSLDYGFKGAEIAMASYCSELQFLANPVTNHVQSTEQHNQDVNSLGFISARKTAEAVEILKLMSSTYLVALCQSIDLRHLEENMKSTVKNTVSQVAKKVLTSALDRSTLCENDLLRVVDREYVFAYIDDPCLATYPLMQKLRQVLVDHALNTERNTDTSIFEKIVTFEDELKSILPKEVEGVRVAFENGSMVIPNRIKACRSYPLYRFVREELGGVYLTGEKETSPGEEFDKVFMAVCTGQIVDPLLECLEGWNGVPLPIC
>rna-gnl|WGS:SZYD|E3N88_mrna46221
MIEREINSVNDNPLIDVSRNKALHGGNFQGTPIGVSMDNTRLSIAAIGKLMFAQFSELVNDFYNNGLPSNLTGGRNPSLDYGFKGAEIAMASYCSELQFLANPVTNHVQTGDSEREPGTSIFQKIGEFEAELKAHLPKEVEVVRAAFETVQSTRLIDHHDVKHDPNEILTCARKVKNRHSLGFLDWFLPLEGLERSISNGPP
>rna-gnl|WGS:SZYD|E3N88_mrna46220
MVAEFRNPVVKLGGETLTVSQVAAIAADGSSIKVELSESAREGVKASSDWVMESMNKGTDSYGVTTGFVATSHRRPKKVVLFKEELIRFLNAGIFGNGTESSHTLPCSSTRAAMLVRINTLLQGYSGIRFEILEAITKFLNHNVTPVLPLRGTITASGDLVPLSYIAGLLTGRPNSKAVGPDGQILNAKKAFSEAGLTGGFFELQPKEGLAMVNGTAVGSGMASMVLFEANVLALLSEVLSAIFAEAMQGKPSSRTI
Gene tree
Gene tree
Sheng jun & Dong yang Teams, Yunnan agriculture University